1. A CDL driver has been awake since 4:00 AM and is currently driving at 2:00 PM. The driver slept only 5 hours the night before and has been on duty for 10 hours. Which symptom indicates the driver should stop immediately due to fatigue?

2. What is the S-cam foundation brake, and how does it function?

3. What is the purpose of the Federal Bridge Formula under 23 USC 127?

4. A driver needs to uncouple a tractor from a semitrailer at a truck stop. What is the correct first action in the uncoupling procedure?

5. A CDL holder operating a placarded hazardous materials vehicle fails to stop at a railroad-highway grade crossing as required by federal regulations. This is their second conviction for a railroad crossing violation within a three-year period. What disqualification period will this driver face, and how does the hazardous materials cargo affect the penalty?

6. A commercial driver has been on duty for 6 hours and begins to experience signs of fatigue: heavy eyelids, frequent yawning, difficulty concentrating, and drifting slightly within the lane. The driver is 3 hours from the destination on a tight delivery schedule. What is the correct response to these fatigue warning signs?

7. What is the correct sequence for making a right turn with a tractor-semitrailer at an intersection with a tight corner?

8. What is the correct procedure for testing service brakes during the pre-trip inspection?

9. What is the total stopping distance for a loaded commercial motor vehicle traveling at 55 mph on dry pavement, and what three components make up this distance?

10. A driver performs an air brake leak test on a single-unit truck. With the parking brake applied and the engine off, the air pressure drops from 95 PSI to 90 PSI over a period of 90 seconds. Based on this result, what should the driver do?

11. According to AAMVA Section 12M, what is the correct sequence of actions a driver must follow when beginning any backing maneuver during the CDL skills test?

12. A motor carrier’s annual vehicle inspection was performed on January 15, 2026. The inspection report and decal were properly documented. When is the next annual inspection required to be completed to maintain compliance with 49 CFR Section 396.17?

13. You are driving a loaded tractor-semitrailer on a two-lane highway approaching a sharp curve with a posted speed limit of 35 MPH. You are currently traveling at 50 MPH. What is the correct procedure for negotiating this curve safely?

14. A driver with fatigue warning signs (yawning, occasional lane drift) is operating a 55-foot tractor-semitrailer on a highway. The standard following distance calculation would require 6 seconds. What adjusted following distance should the driver maintain until reaching a safe stopping location?

15. You are descending a 6% grade in a fully loaded 80,000-pound combination vehicle. The posted speed limit is 55 mph. You have selected an appropriate low gear and are traveling at 35 mph. Your engine RPM begins climbing toward redline, and you notice your service brakes are heating up from occasional use. What should you do?

16. A CDL driver with a hazmat endorsement was convicted of driving a CMV with a BAC of 0.06% in June 2024. In September 2025, the same driver was again convicted of refusing to submit to alcohol testing while operating a CMV. What disqualification period applies to this second major offense?

17. A driver is operating a 65-foot combination vehicle at 55 mph on a dry highway. Using the minimum following distance formula, what is the required following distance in seconds?

18. While driving on a downgrade, you hear the low-pressure warning buzzer activate and see the warning light illuminate. Your air pressure gauge shows 55 PSI and continues dropping. What is the correct immediate action?

19. Which road surface is most likely to contain black ice that is invisible to drivers?

20. A driver needs to stop a loaded CMV at a traffic signal in normal dry road conditions. What braking technique should be used?

21. You are driving a CMV at night on a rural road with no street lighting. An oncoming vehicle fails to dim its high beams. What is the safest response to maintain visibility and avoid being blinded?

22. When performing an offset backing maneuver to the LEFT (driver side), which technique helps the driver most effectively monitor the trailer’s position relative to the target space?

23. When inspecting slack adjusters on an air brake system, the push rod should travel no more than a certain distance when the brakes are applied. For a standard Type 30 brake chamber, what is the maximum allowable push rod travel?

24. What are glad hands and what is their purpose in a combination vehicle?

25. A carrier operates a mixed fleet including vehicles from 1998, 2005, and 2022 model years. Some drivers operate within 100 air miles returning within 12 hours, while others drive long-haul routes exceeding 500 miles. Analyzing the fleet’s ELD compliance requirements, which statement is correct?

26. What is the maximum weight allowed on a single axle under federal regulations?

27. A driver is monitoring dashboard gauges during highway operation. The oil pressure gauge suddenly drops from normal reading to near zero while the engine is still running. What should the driver do immediately?

28. During the coupling process, after backing under the trailer and hearing the fifth wheel lock, a driver notices the trailer landing gear is on soft ground. What is the correct procedure for the tug test in this situation?

29. A CDL driver is approaching a sharp curve on a rural highway while operating a loaded tractor-semitrailer. What is the correct procedure for managing speed through this curve?

30. What is the correct use of the trailer hand valve (trolley valve) during normal driving operations?

31. During a CDL skills test, a candidate completes the alley dock maneuver but the trailer is positioned at an angle rather than straight in the space. The examiner notes the final position but no boundary was crossed. How should this affect the scoring?

32. While driving at 55 mph on a straight, dry highway, a driver presses the brake pedal and notices the pedal goes nearly to the floor with minimal resistance. The air pressure gauge shows 110 PSI. What is the most likely cause, and what should the driver do?

33. According to 49 CFR Section 396.17, what must be displayed on a commercial motor vehicle after passing an annual inspection?

34. A driver is approaching a steep downgrade with a loaded CMV. Which statement best explains why the driver should select a lower gear BEFORE reaching the downgrade rather than shifting during the descent?

35. During the engine compartment portion of a pre-trip inspection (with engine off), the driver checks the engine oil level. What indicates a problem with the engine oil that should be reported as a defect?

36. A driver is transporting cargo in a tractor-semitrailer and discovers during a weigh station inspection that the trailer tandem axles are overweight at 36,000 lbs. The drive axle is within limits at 32,000 lbs. Which adjustment should the driver make to correct this weight distribution violation?

37. When must a driver use edge protection for cargo securement devices?

38. During a 6% mountain grade descent, a driver using the snubbing brake technique notices air pressure dropping from 120 PSI to 85 PSI and brakes becoming less responsive after several applications. What does this indicate and what should the driver do?

39. A driver is approaching a sweeping highway curve while operating a loaded tractor-semitrailer at 55 mph. The curve has a recommended speed sign showing 45 mph for trucks. Traffic is moderate with vehicles following at normal distance. How should the driver analyze and execute this curve safely?

40. A driver is approaching a railroad-highway grade crossing with no active signals. The correct sequence for crossing safely is:

41. A driver is operating a CMV on a highway when the right front tire suddenly blows out. The vehicle begins pulling to the right. What should the driver do FIRST to maintain control?

42. A driver is preparing to back into an alley dock space at a 90-degree angle. The space is to the driver’s left. What is the proper sequence for this maneuver?

43. A driver is traveling at 60 MPH on a highway when a hazard appears ahead. The driver immediately presses the brake pedal. Given that air brake lag is 1/2 second minimum, approximately how many feet does the vehicle travel before the brakes actually begin to engage due to this lag?

44. You are driving at 55 mph in heavy rain with visibility reduced to approximately 400 feet. A vehicle ahead of you is traveling slowly in the right lane. You need to communicate your presence and maintain safe visibility. Traffic is moderate in both lanes. Analyze the situation and identify ALL required communication and visibility actions you must take.

45. Driver Jamal performs a pre-trip inspection and finds no defects. He signs his DVIR indicating “No defects found” and begins his route. During a mid-day stop, he notices the right front tire has developed a bulge near the sidewall. What inspection and reporting action is required?

46. During a pre-trip inspection of an air brake system, the driver observes that the air pressure builds to approximately 125 PSI and the compressor stops pumping. What pressure range should the governor typically cut-out at?

47. A driver operating a loaded tractor-semitrailer on a dry highway at 55 MPH encounters an emergency situation requiring immediate stopping. A passenger vehicle has crossed into the CMV’s lane from a perpendicular road. The driver has approximately 2 seconds before impact. Which braking technique provides the best chance of stopping safely while maintaining steering control?

48. After a vehicle is placed out of service for defective brakes, the carrier arranges repairs and provides the driver with a repair invoice. Before resuming operation, what verification step must be completed?

49. A driver is descending a 5% grade in a loaded Class A combination vehicle with a manual transmission. The driver shifted into 4th gear at the start of the descent and is applying service brakes frequently to maintain 40 mph. After 3 miles, brake air pressure begins dropping faster than normal. What analysis explains this situation and what corrective action should be taken?

50. A passenger-carrying driver has accumulated 68 on-duty hours over the past 7 days. They want to reset their 70-hour/8-day calculation. What is their best option?